South Dos Palos is a small unincorporated community located in Merced County, California. Known for its agricultural heritage, the town experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Summers are typically hot, with temperatures often exceeding 90°F (32°C), while winters are cool with temperatures ranging from 40°F (4°C) to 60°F (15°C).

The community lies within the San Joaquin Valley, surrounded by fertile farmland and watered by the San Joaquin River. The hydrology constituents in the area include irrigation canals that provide water for agriculture, as well as groundwater resources. However, the region faces challenges related to water management and drought due to its semi-arid climate.

Outdoor enthusiasts in South Dos Palos have a variety of recreational opportunities available. The nearby San Luis Reservoir State Recreation Area offers boating, fishing, and camping activities. Visitors can also explore the nearby Merced National Wildlife Refuge, which provides birdwatching, hiking, and photography opportunities amidst the wetlands and grasslands. Overall, South Dos Palos provides a small-town atmosphere with access to outdoor activities and natural beauty.