The Upper Cannonball Watershed, located in southwestern North Dakota, has a land area of approximately 1,667 square miles. The area is characterized by rolling hills and grasslands, with several streams and rivers feeding into the Cannonball River. The hydrology of the watershed is influenced by precipitation and snowmelt, with snowpack typically accumulating in the winter months and melting in the spring. Surface water in the watershed is used for agricultural and industrial purposes, with irrigation and livestock watering being the most common uses. Reservoirs in the watershed contain water for municipal and industrial use, as well as for recreation. Interesting climatic facts include the area's tendency towards droughts and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events in recent years. Trends in the watershed include changes in land use and water use, as well as the effects of climate change on water availability and quality.