Upper Souris National Wildlife Refuge

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Last Updated: January 12, 2026

Upper Souris National Wildlife Refuge is located in the state of North Dakota and offers visitors a diverse range of natural attractions and recreational activities.


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Summary

This summary provides information based on multiple independent sources.

Reasons to Visit:
1. Wildlife Viewing: The refuge spans over 32,000 acres and provides a habitat for a variety of wildlife species. Visitors can spot animals such as white-tailed deer, moose, waterfowl, shorebirds, and even bald eagles.
2. Birdwatching: Upper Souris is a haven for bird enthusiasts, with over 240 species recorded within its boundaries. The refuge is particularly famous for its waterfowl population, including large numbers of ducks and geese.
3. Fishing: The refuge offers excellent fishing opportunities, with several lakes and rivers providing habitat for various fish species, including northern pike, walleye, and smallmouth bass.
4. Photography: The scenic landscapes and diverse wildlife make Upper Souris a fantastic destination for photographers. The changing seasons offer unique opportunities to capture stunning shots.
5. Hiking and Wildlife Trails: The refuge offers multiple hiking trails, enabling visitors to explore the beautiful surroundings while observing wildlife and enjoying the peacefulness of nature.

Points of Interest:
1. Upper Souris Lakes: The refuge encompasses a series of interconnected lakes, providing opportunities for boating, canoeing, and kayaking.
2. J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge: Located adjacent to Upper Souris, this refuge offers additional wildlife viewing opportunities, making it a great extension to any visit.
3. Lake Darling: This reservoir, located within the refuge, is a popular spot for fishing, boating, and camping.

Interesting Facts:
1. Upper Souris is one of the largest National Wildlife Refuges in the northern Great Plains region.
2. The refuge was established in 1935 to provide critical habitat for migratory birds and other wildlife.
3. Upper Souris plays a vital role in the breeding and migration of waterfowl, supporting thousands of nesting pairs and serving as a stopover for migratory birds.

Best Time to Visit:
The best time to visit Upper Souris National Wildlife Refuge is during spring and fall. Spring offers a chance to witness the arrival of migratory birds and the reawakening of nature. Fall brings spectacular foliage colors and the migration of waterfowl. However, each season has its own unique attractions, and summer and winter also offer recreational opportunities.

It is essential to verify this information from multiple independent sources, such as official refuge websites or publications, to ensure accuracy and obtain the most up-to-date information before planning a visit.

       

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Park & Land Designation Reference

National Park
Large protected natural areas managed by the federal government to preserve significant landscapes, ecosystems, and cultural resources; recreation is allowed but conservation is the priority.
State Park
Public natural or recreational areas managed by a state government, typically smaller than national parks and focused on regional natural features, recreation, and education.
Local Park
Community-level parks managed by cities or counties, emphasizing recreation, playgrounds, sports, and green space close to populated areas.
Wilderness Area
The highest level of land protection in the U.S.; designated areas where nature is left essentially untouched, with no roads, structures, or motorized access permitted.
National Recreation Area
Areas set aside primarily for outdoor recreation (boating, hiking, fishing), often around reservoirs, rivers, or scenic landscapes; may allow more development.
National Conservation Area (BLM)
BLM-managed areas with special ecological, cultural, or scientific value; more protection than typical BLM land but less strict than Wilderness Areas.
State Forest
State-managed forests focused on habitat, watershed, recreation, and sustainable timber harvest.
National Forest
Federally managed lands focused on multiple use—recreation, wildlife habitat, watershed protection, and resource extraction (like timber)—unlike the stricter protections of national parks.
Wilderness
A protected area set aside to conserve specific resources—such as wildlife, habitats, or scientific features—with regulations varying widely depending on the managing agency and purpose.
Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Land
Vast federal lands managed for mixed use—recreation, grazing, mining, conservation—with fewer restrictions than national parks or forests.
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