Willow Falls Reservoir Report

Last Updated: December 5, 2025

Willow Falls, also known as Burkhardt Mills, is a stunning arch dam located on the Willow River in St.


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Summary

Croix, Wisconsin. Built in 1868, this dam stands at a height of 60 feet and has a hydraulic height of 55 feet, providing a beautiful recreational area for water resource and climate enthusiasts. The dam has a normal storage capacity of 755 acre-feet and a maximum discharge of 6,680 cubic feet per second, making it a crucial structure for water management in the region.

Despite its historical significance and recreational value, Willow Falls poses a high hazard potential due to its age and condition. With a very high risk assessment rating of 1, the dam requires regular inspections and maintenance to ensure its continued safety and functionality. The dam is state-regulated by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and has not been rated for its condition assessment, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and risk management measures.

As a key feature in the Detroit District and Congressional District 07, Wisconsin, Willow Falls serves as a vital recreational and water management resource. Its picturesque location and historical significance make it a must-visit destination for those interested in water resources and climate preservation. However, with its high hazard potential and very high risk assessment, continued attention and investment are crucial to safeguarding this important structure for future generations to enjoy.

Years Modified

1924 - Other

Year Completed

1868

Dam Length

160

Dam Height

60

River Or Stream

WILLOW

Primary Dam Type

Arch

Surface Area

100

Hydraulic Height

55

Drainage Area

169.1

Nid Storage

1295

Structural Height

60

Hazard Potential

High

Nid Height

60
       
Seasonal Comparison

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Dam Data Reference

Condition Assessment

Satisfactory
No existing or potential dam safety deficiencies are recognized. Acceptable performance is expected under all loading conditions (static, hydrologic, seismic) in accordance with the minimum applicable state or federal regulatory criteria or tolerable risk guidelines.
Fair
No existing dam safety deficiencies are recognized for normal operating conditions. Rare or extreme hydrologic and/or seismic events may result in a dam safety deficiency. Risk may be in the range to take further action. Note: Rare or extreme event is defined by the regulatory agency based on their minimum
Poor A dam safety deficiency is recognized for normal operating conditions which may realistically occur. Remedial action is necessary. POOR may also be used when uncertainties exist as to critical analysis parameters which identify a potential dam safety deficiency. Investigations and studies are necessary.
Unsatisfactory
A dam safety deficiency is recognized that requires immediate or emergency remedial action for problem resolution.
Not Rated
The dam has not been inspected, is not under state or federal jurisdiction, or has been inspected but, for whatever reason, has not been rated.
Not Available
Dams for which the condition assessment is restricted to approved government users.

Hazard Potential Classification

High
Dams assigned the high hazard potential classification are those where failure or mis-operation will probably cause loss of human life.
Significant
Dams assigned the significant hazard potential classification are those dams where failure or mis-operation results in no probable loss of human life but can cause economic loss, environment damage, disruption of lifeline facilities, or impact other concerns. Significant hazard potential classification dams are often located in predominantly rural or agricultural areas but could be in areas with population and significant infrastructure.
Low
Dams assigned the low hazard potential classification are those where failure or mis-operation results in no probable loss of human life and low economic and/or environmental losses. Losses are principally limited to the owner's property.
Undetermined
Dams for which a downstream hazard potential has not been designated or is not provided.
Not Available
Dams for which the downstream hazard potential is restricted to approved government users.