Maximum discharge along the river is currently at the reporting a streamflow rate of cfs. This is also the highest stage along the Cowpasture River, with a gauge stage of ft at this location. This river is monitored from 1 different streamgauging stations along the Cowpasture River, the highest being situated at an altitude of ft, the .

The Cowpasture River is a 55-mile-long river that flows through Bath and Highland counties in Virginia. It is a tributary of the James River and has a rich history, including being the site of many Native American settlements and battles during the Civil War. The river is known for its clear water and excellent fishing opportunities. The river's hydrology is influenced by its two main reservoirs, Lake Moomaw and Gathright Dam, which were constructed in the mid-20th century for flood control and hydroelectric power generation. The river is also used for agricultural purposes, particularly cattle farming. Recreational activities on the Cowpasture River include camping, hiking, fishing, and kayaking.