Jefferson, Wisconsin is located in the southern part of the state and is characterized by a humid continental climate. Summers are typically warm with average temperatures ranging from the mid-70s to low 80s Fahrenheit, while winters are cold with temperatures often dropping below freezing and snowfall being common.

Hydrology constituents in Jefferson are primarily influenced by the Rock River, which runs through the city. The river provides opportunities for fishing, boating, and other water-based activities. Additionally, the area is dotted with numerous lakes, including Lake Ripley, Lake Koshkonong, and Lake Mills, which offer further opportunities for recreational water activities.

Outdoor recreation enthusiasts will find plenty to do in Jefferson. The city boasts several parks and trails, including the Jefferson Marsh Wildlife Area, which offers opportunities for hiking, bird-watching, and hunting. Golfers can enjoy the Jefferson Golf Club, known for its scenic views and challenging course. The nearby Kettle Moraine State Forest provides opportunities for camping, hiking, biking, and horseback riding.

Overall, Jefferson, Wisconsin offers a diverse climate, abundant water resources, and a range of outdoor recreational opportunities, making it an attractive destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.