New Caney, Texas is located in Montgomery County and has a humid subtropical climate. Summers are hot and humid, with temperatures often reaching the 90s°F, while winters are mild with temperatures averaging in the 50s°F. Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, with occasional thunderstorms.

The area is surrounded by various bodies of water, including the San Jacinto River, Peach Creek, and Caney Creek. These hydrology constituents provide opportunities for fishing, boating, and other water activities. New Caney is also close to Lake Houston, which offers additional recreational opportunities such as swimming, camping, and hiking.

For outdoor enthusiasts, the area boasts several parks and nature reserves, including the East Montgomery County Park and the J.D. Walker Community Park. These green spaces provide opportunities for picnicking, walking trails, and enjoying nature.