Sheldon, Missouri is a small town located in Vernon County in the southwestern part of the state. The climate in Sheldon is characterized by hot and humid summers, with temperatures often reaching the high 80s to low 90s°F. Winters are relatively mild, with temperatures averaging in the 30s to 40s°F. The area experiences moderate rainfall throughout the year, with the wettest months being May and June.

Sheldon sits within the Osage River watershed, with water quality primarily influenced by agricultural activities. Hydrology constituents in the region include nitrogen and phosphorus runoff from farmland, which can impact water quality in nearby streams and lakes.

Outdoor recreation opportunities in Sheldon are abundant. The town is surrounded by picturesque natural landscapes, offering opportunities for hiking, camping, and birdwatching. There are several nearby lakes and rivers, such as the Harry S. Truman Reservoir and the Marmaton River, where visitors can enjoy activities like fishing, boating, and kayaking. The area is also known for its hunting opportunities, with ample game species including deer, turkey, and waterfowl. Sheldon provides a peaceful and serene environment for nature enthusiasts to explore and enjoy the great outdoors.