Cow Creek, located in Elmore, Idaho, is a privately owned irrigation structure regulated by the Idaho Department of Water Resources. Built in 1915, this earth dam stands at a height of 33.9 feet and has a maximum storage capacity of 400 acre-feet. The dam, primarily constructed of stone with rock and soil foundations, spans a length of 1430 feet and covers a surface area of 50 acres.

With a low hazard potential and fair condition assessment, Cow Creek poses a moderate risk level according to recent evaluations. The dam's uncontrolled spillway, with a width of 11 feet, can handle a maximum discharge of 897 cubic feet per second. Despite its age, the structure undergoes regular inspections every 5 years to ensure its safe operation and to mitigate any potential risks.

Cow Creek serves as a vital resource for irrigation purposes, supporting the local agricultural community by providing water for crop cultivation. As a part of the Sacramento District, this water infrastructure plays a crucial role in managing water resources in the region, showcasing the importance of maintaining and monitoring dams for sustainable water management in the face of changing climate conditions.