Lock C-12 Reservoir Report

Last Updated: December 15, 2025

Lock C-12, located in Whitehall, New York, is a state-owned hydroelectric structure on the Champlain Canal with a significant hazard potential.


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Summary

Constructed in 1911, this multi-arch dam stands at 21 feet tall and spans 170 feet in length, providing a storage capacity of 2,880 acre-feet. Managed by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Lock C-12 serves the dual purposes of hydroelectric power generation and navigation.

The dam features uncontrolled spillways, two slide gates, and one Tainter gate for outlet control. With a maximum discharge capacity of 17,800 cubic feet per second, it plays a crucial role in managing water flow and supporting the surrounding ecosystem. While the condition assessment is currently not available, regular state inspections and enforcement ensure its operational integrity and safety.

Water resource and climate enthusiasts will find Lock C-12 a fascinating example of early 20th-century hydroelectric infrastructure, blending historical significance with modern regulatory oversight. Its location on the Champlain Canal and proximity to the New York District showcase the intersection of water management, energy production, and environmental stewardship. As a vital component of the region's water infrastructure, Lock C-12 highlights the importance of sustainable dam operations and risk management in safeguarding water resources for future generations.

Year Completed

1911

Dam Length

170

Dam Height

21

River Or Stream

Champlain Canal

Primary Dam Type

Other

Surface Area

240

Drainage Area

429

Nid Storage

2880

Outlet Gates

Slide (sluice gate) - 2, Tainter (radial) - 1

Hazard Potential

Significant

Foundations

Rock

Nid Height

21
       
Seasonal Comparison

Weather Forecast

Dam Data Reference

Condition Assessment

Satisfactory
No existing or potential dam safety deficiencies are recognized. Acceptable performance is expected under all loading conditions (static, hydrologic, seismic) in accordance with the minimum applicable state or federal regulatory criteria or tolerable risk guidelines.
Fair
No existing dam safety deficiencies are recognized for normal operating conditions. Rare or extreme hydrologic and/or seismic events may result in a dam safety deficiency. Risk may be in the range to take further action. Note: Rare or extreme event is defined by the regulatory agency based on their minimum
Poor A dam safety deficiency is recognized for normal operating conditions which may realistically occur. Remedial action is necessary. POOR may also be used when uncertainties exist as to critical analysis parameters which identify a potential dam safety deficiency. Investigations and studies are necessary.
Unsatisfactory
A dam safety deficiency is recognized that requires immediate or emergency remedial action for problem resolution.
Not Rated
The dam has not been inspected, is not under state or federal jurisdiction, or has been inspected but, for whatever reason, has not been rated.
Not Available
Dams for which the condition assessment is restricted to approved government users.

Hazard Potential Classification

High
Dams assigned the high hazard potential classification are those where failure or mis-operation will probably cause loss of human life.
Significant
Dams assigned the significant hazard potential classification are those dams where failure or mis-operation results in no probable loss of human life but can cause economic loss, environment damage, disruption of lifeline facilities, or impact other concerns. Significant hazard potential classification dams are often located in predominantly rural or agricultural areas but could be in areas with population and significant infrastructure.
Low
Dams assigned the low hazard potential classification are those where failure or mis-operation results in no probable loss of human life and low economic and/or environmental losses. Losses are principally limited to the owner's property.
Undetermined
Dams for which a downstream hazard potential has not been designated or is not provided.
Not Available
Dams for which the downstream hazard potential is restricted to approved government users.