South Dakota's snowpack conditions vary across its mountain ranges, which are primarily located in the Black Hills region. The Black Hills receive significant snowfall due to their higher elevations, averaging around 30-50 inches annually. This snowpack contributes to runoff into several major rivers, including the Cheyenne, Belle Fourche, and White rivers, which then feed into various watersheds across the state.

Winter climate characteristics in South Dakota are diverse, with the western part experiencing colder temperatures and heavier snowfall than the eastern plains. The state often encounters blizzard conditions due to strong winds and heavy snowstorms.

Interesting historical facts include the winter of 1880-1881, known as "The Hard Winter," which devastated the region with extreme cold and heavy snow. Additionally, South Dakota's snow science research involves monitoring snowpack depth and water content to aid in flood forecasting and water resource management.