Nelms Dam, located in Custer County, Nebraska, is a private earth dam designed by the USDA NRCS and completed in 1962 for flood risk reduction purposes on TR-Buffalo Creek. With a height of 69 feet and a length of 2780 feet, the dam has a storage capacity of 896 acre-feet and a maximum discharge of 884 cubic feet per second. Despite its low hazard potential, the dam is in poor condition as of the last inspection in May 2019.

Managed by the Nebraska Department of Natural Resources, Nelms Dam is subject to state regulations, permitting, inspection, and enforcement. Its primary purpose is listed as "Other," in addition to flood risk reduction, with the dam structure primarily made of earth and stone components on a soil foundation. The dam's location in the Kansas City District and its association with the Natural Resources Conservation Service highlight its importance in water resource management and climate resilience efforts in the region. Despite its current condition, Nelms Dam remains a critical infrastructure for managing water resources in the area.