New Mexico faces unique hydrological challenges due to its arid and mountainous terrain. Major surface flows include the Rio Grande, Pecos, and Canadian rivers, with the Rio Grande serving as the primary source of surface water for the state. Significant reservoirs and dams include Elephant Butte, Caballo, and Cochiti. The state’s hydrology is heavily influenced by its semi-arid climate, with snowmelt playing a major role in replenishing water sources. Major tributaries include the Chama, San Juan, and Gila rivers. New Mexico has faced recurring droughts in recent years, resulting in lower snowpack levels and decreased water availability for agriculture and other industries.